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Historical resident population estimates for states and counties
Additional Background
This database estimates total resident population in U.S. states from 1790 to the present.
1790 estimates reflect the population on August 2.
1800 estimates reflect August 4.
1810 estimates reflect August 6.
1820 estimates reflect August 7.
Estimates from 1830-1890 reflect June 1.
RAND States Statistics has estimated population data for individual years from 1790-1890 based on a linear rate of growth between the start and end of each decade.
Estimates from 1900 to the present reflect the population on July 1 of each year, except 1960, 1970, and 1980, which reflect April 1.
U.S. population data for the years 1900 to 1949 exclude the population residing in Alaska and Hawaii.
National population data for the years 1940 to 1979 cover the resident population plus Armed Forces overseas. For all other years, national population data cover only the resident population only.
National population data for the years 1900 to 1929 are rounded to the nearest thousand.
Historical resident population estimates for states and counties
Geographic Coverage
U.S., States
Series Begins/Ends
1801 - 2023
Periodicity
Annually
Source (APA):RAND State Statistics. (2024, July 29). Historical Population Estimates. https://randstatestats.org/us/stats/historical-population-estimates.html Set APA as default format"Historical Population Estimates." RAND State Statistics. Last modified July 29, 2024. https://randstatestats.org/us/stats/historical-population-estimates.html. Set Chicago as default format"Historical Population Estimates." RAND State Statistics, 29 Jul 2024, https://randstatestats.org/us/stats/historical-population-estimates.html. Set MLA as default formatHistorical Population Estimates. RAND State Statistics. Updated July 29, 2024. Accessed September 28, 2024. https://randstatestats.org/us/stats/historical-population-estimates.html Set AMA as default format
Format or style, from the American Psychological Association, is commonly used for footnotes in behavioral and social science publications. APA citation is an author-year-system. It is one of the most common styles used and taught at colleges and high schools.
See here for more details, including APA formatting for bibliographies.
Chicago
Format or style (also known as Turabian), created by the University of Chicago, is commonly used for footnotes in history, business, and fine arts and occasionally in the humanities, sciences, and social sciences. The Chicago style has two systems of citation. The author-date system (most common in social sciences and sciences) cites sources parenthetically in the text.
The notes and bibliography system (most common in humanities) cites sources in numbered footnotes or endnotes which correspond to a superscript number in the text. See here for more details, including Chicago formatting for bibliographies.
MLA
Modern Language Association (MLA) format or style is most commonly used for footnotes in the language arts, cultural studies, liberal arts, and humanities. MLA uses short parenthetical citations within the text that are linked to an alphabetical list of work cited at the end of the document. MLA commonly cites using this format: author's last name, first name, title, publication, edition or chapter, and year.
See here for more details, including MLA formatting for bibliographies.
AMA
American Medical Association (AMA) format or style is most commonly used for footnotes in medicine, biomedical research, nursing, dentistry, and other life sciences. AMA uses numerical superscript for citing sources in-text and refers to a list at the end of the work. These references appear in sequential order of when the sources were cited, instead of alphabetical order.
See here for more details, including AMA formatting for bibliographies.
RAND States Statistics has estimated population data for individual years from 1790-1890 based on a linear rate of growth between the start and end of each decade.
Estimates from 1900 to the present reflect the population on July 1 of each year, except 1960, 1970, and 1980, which reflect April 1.
U.S. population data for the years 1900 to 1949 exclude the population residing in Alaska and Hawaii.
National population data for the years 1940 to 1979 cover the resident population plus Armed Forces overseas. For all other years, national population data cover only the resident population only.
National population data for the years 1900 to 1929 are rounded to the nearest thousand.
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